Relationship and processes within school

In school, the relationship between teachers and students seems to be very important for the effectiveness of education. Since social class influence in educational attainment the most, so as this. Teachers tends to share an image of 'ideal pupil', whereas teachers perceived middle-class(MC) pupils as closet to the idea, and lower working class(WC) pupils as furthest from it. Label is a major characteristic placed on a person by others. Teachers tends to label MC as 'able', 'good student', this may discourage WC pupils. When a pupil labelled as 'bright',others will tend to respond to them and interpret their actions in term of this label, there is a tendency for a self-fulfilling prophecy to result. Teachers assume MC pupils were highly motivated , well-discipline and able. And they tend to think WC pupils as disruptive and lacking in parental support.According to Gillborn & Youdell, teachers systematically discriminated aganist WC pupils.



In genernal, teachers perfer to teach pupils they see as able, hard working and highly motivated, therefore, a positive relationship might be built up between teachers and pupils. Otherwise, vice versa.



Pupils tends to bring their subculture to school. First of all, pupils subculture are the distinctive norms and values developed by groups of yound people in schools. White, male, MC subculture tends to be two extreme. Pupils in the top stream well-behaved, always praised by teachers. Pupils in the bottom stream refusing to do homework and smoking,drinking. White, male, WC subcultures. The lads just think the school is waste of time, they want to leave school as soon as possible. White, female. subcultures seems that their resistant to schooling is less than the male, however, their exaggerated femininity might sometimes wrote school off. In Davies`s words ' Girls accentuate their femininity in exaggerated displays of physical maturity and hyper-concerns with romance on the one hand,and prioritise domestic roles such as marriagem household duties over schooling on the other hand. African-caribbean, male subculture, they tends to bring Black street culture into the classroom which it can be seen by teacher as disruptive. African-caribbean female subculture. They are pro-education, ambitious, determined to succeed, aming for well-paid jobs. There is anti-school subculture, which defined by Paul Willis.According to him, it is mainly shaped by their expectations about the jobs they hope to get and by WC subculture they bring with them to school.For instant, It is those who rejected the values of school, a lack of respect, behave badly, having a laugh and looking after their mates etc. It usually happens in bottom steams and among the WC pupils.



The hidden curriculum refers to the messages schools transmit to pupils without directly teaching them or spelling them out, it consists of values, norms, beliefs and ideas which are embedded in the normal routines and procedures of school life.In Functionalist views, the transmission of society`s core values can be seen as part of hidden curriculum.Such as the value of individual achievement, pupils are encouraged to achieve good grades, qualification, it prepares them to achieves as individuals in the wider society.In Marxist view, the hidden curriculum of schools is the transmit rulling class ideology, produing next generation of workers schooled to accept their roles in capitalise society.



Label is a major characteristic placed on a person by others. Teachers tends to label MC as 'able', 'good student', this may discourage WC pupils.When a pupil labelled as 'bright',others will tend to respond to them and interpret their actions in term of this label, there is a tendency for a self-fulfilling prophecy to result.



There are two types of teaching group, ability group and mixed ability group. Ability groups are pupils who seens to have the similar ability. Setting and streaming are two ways to dividing pupils into ability groups.The idea is based on young people have different abilities,therefore, they should be taught in different level, different speed and have different exams. Mixed ability groups are those randomly mixed in terms of their perceived ability. by doing this, they reduce class differences and class conflict.